小学英语需熟记不规则动词过去式及单词

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收藏于 : 2020-11-30 10:07   被转藏 : 3   

小学一些常记单词

 

A 规则动词的过去式变化如下:
一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:
worked played wanted acted
以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew

 

B.不规则动词过去式及过去分词:

am/is –was   are—were  have/has—had  do/does—did  can—could  will—would  shall—should

 

swim—swam    sing—sang   ring—rang  sit—sat  come—came  give—gave  run—ran  drink—drank    become—became  begin—began 

 

buy—bought  bring—brought  catch—caught   think—thought  teach—taught

 

send—sent  build—built  go—went  spend—spent  lose—lost  lend—lent  mean—menat  sweep—swept  feel—felt  learn—learnt/learned  smell—smelt  sleep—slept 

 

put—put  cut—cut  hit—hit  read—read  hurt—hurt  let—let  beat—beat  cost—cost

 

write—wrote  ride—rode  rise—rose  win—won  drive—drove  speak—spoke  get—got  forget—forgot  choose—chose  sell—sold  wake—woke  break—broke

 

fly—flew/flied  blow—blew  draw—drew  know—knew  throw—threw  grow—grew  see—saw  say—said  hold—held  take—took  understand—understood  stand—stood  may—might  meet—met  eat—ate  leave—left  wear—wore  hear—heard  make—made  hang—hung  lie—lay  fall—fell   dig—dug   find—found   steal—stole

 

C.常用单词

1. 人称代词

人称代词

第一人称

第二人称

第三人称

第一人称

第二人称

第三人称

句中位置

主格

I

you

he

she

it

we

you

they

句首、句末

宾格

me

you

him

her

its

us

you

them

动词、介词之后

形代

my

your

his

her

its

our

your

their

名词之前

名代

mine

yours

his

hers

its

ours

yours

theirs

后不加名词

反身代词

myself

yourself

himself

herself

itself

ourselves

yourselves

themselves

通常与by连用

 

 

 

2. 基数词One  two  three  four  five  six  seven  eight  nine  ten  eleven  twelve  thirteen  fourteen  fifteen  sixteen  seventeen  eighteen  nineteen  twenty  thirty  forty  fifty  sixty  seventy  eighty  ninety  hundred  thousand  million  billion

 

3. 常用动词

listen  say  speak  talk  read  write  play  sing  dance  swim  jump  run  eat  stand  sit  fly  see  look  watch  go  come  want  like  love  visit

 

4. 常用疑问词

what  when  where  which  who  whose  how  how many  how much  how old  how long  how big  how far  what time  what colour  what  number  how often

 

Be动词、助动词、情态动词

Be动词    am   is    was    are    were

助动词    do    does    did

情态动词    can    could    will    would    shall    should    may    might    have got    has got    must    need

 

5. 颜色

black  write  red  green  yellow  orange  pink  brown  purple

 

6. 交通工具

car  plane  bus  boat  ship  train  bike  bicycle  taxi

 

7. 常见水果(fruit)

apple  pear  banana  orange  watermelon  mango  tomato  peach  grape  strawberry

 

8. 动物(animal)

dog  cat  duck  chick  bird  fish  panda  snake  lion  parrot  dragon  tiger  monkey  elephant  bear  owl  goose  horse 

9. 文具

bag  book  pen  pencil  ruler  chair  desk  eraser  paper  pencil-box  dictionary  sharpener

 

10. 星期、天及季节(week\day\season )

Monday  Tuesday  Wednesday  Thursday  Friday  Saturday  Sunday

spring  summer  autumn/fall  winter

 

11. 月份(month)

January  February  March  April  May  June  July  August  September  October  November  December

 

12. 时间

morning  afternoon  evening  tonight  night  year  tomorrow  minute  today  yesterday  weekend  holiday

 

14. 身体部位

ear  hand  arm  eye  head  foot  mouth  leg  nose  hair  shoulder  face  finger  lip

 

15. 家庭

dad  father  mum  mother  brother  sister  grandpa  grandma  grandmother  grandfather  consin  parents  aunt  uncle  nephew

16. 职业

teacher  doctor  driver  nurse  farmer  pupil  worker  policeman  student  dancer  fireman

 

17. 指示代词

this  that  these  those  here  there

 

18.  天气

warm  hot  cool  cold  rainy  sunny  windy  cloudy  snowy  wet  dry

 

19. 常见形容词

fat  thin  tall  short  long  small  big  old  young  little  strong  large  light  nice  new  lovely  funny  clever  good  bad  cute  naughty  beautiful  easy  difficult  hard

20.介词

In  on  at  behind  front  between  under  after  before  for  near  about  above  to  next to  from

 

21. 国家

China   Japan   England  France  America  Canada  Australia  Mexico  Spain  Italy  Korea  Germany  Greece  India  Russia

 

22.衣物

shirt  T-shirt   sweater  coat  trousers  pants  jeans  skirt  dress  hat  cap  sock  shorts  underwear  shoe

 

23. 食物

rice  meat  egg  bread  cake  biscuit  noodle  milk  fish  ice cream  chocolate  cheese  hot dog  sausage  chips  moon cake  juice  sweet  tea   corn  beaf  soup  fast food  dumping

 

24. 节目

Spring Festival  Lantern Festival  Dragon Boot Festival(端午节)  Mid-Autumn Festival  Christmas  Women’s Day  Children’s Day  Teacher’s Day  Thanksgiving(万圣节)  Halloween(感恩节)

 

25. 学科

maths  Chinese  English  PE/art/music  Lesson  science  geography  history  Olympic Maths  computer  chemistry

 

小学常用不规则动词过去式

原形        过去式                 中文释义

am          was              是(表示存在、状态等)

are         were             是(表示存在、状态等)

become      became           成为;变成

begin       began            开始

break       broke            打破

bring       brought          拿来;取来;带来

build       built            构筑;建造;建筑

buy         bought           购买;买

can         could            可以;能;可能;会

catch       caught           赶上(车船等);捕获

come        came             来;来到

cut         cut              切;割;削;剪

do/does     did              做;干;行动

draw        drew             

drink       drank            喝;饮

drive       drove            开车;驾驶

eat         ate              

feel        felt             感到;觉得

find        found            寻找;查找

fly         flew             飞行

forget      forgot           忘记;忘却

get         got              变得

give        gave             给;授予

go          went             

have/has    had              得(病);患(病);有;吃;饮

hear        heard            听见;听说

hide        hid              隐藏

is          was              是(表示存在、状态等)

keep        kept             保持;使保持某种状态

know        knew             知道;了解

leave       left             离去;出发

let         let              允许;让

lose        lost             失去;丧失

make        made             使;促使;迫使;做;制作

may         might            可能;可以

mean        meant            表示……的意思;作……的解释

meet        met              遇见;相逢

put         put              放;摆;装

read        read /e/         读;阅读

ride        rode            

ring        rang            (铃)响

rise        rose             上升

run         ran              跑;奔跑

say         said             说;讲

see         saw              看见

send        sent             发送;寄;派;遣

set         set              ,

show        showed           出示;给……

shut        shut             关上(门、盖、窗户等)

sing        sang             唱;唱歌

sit         sat             

sleep       slept            睡;睡觉

speak       spoke            说;说话

swim        swam             游泳

take        took             搭乘;花费(时间);拿走;带到

teach       taught           教;讲授

tell        told             告诉;讲述

think       thought          想;思考

will        would            将要

win         won              赢;获胜

write       wrote            书写

 

 

不规则动词的过去式的构成

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:

begin—begandrink—drankgive—gavering—rangsing—sangsit—satswim—swam

2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:

drive—droveride—rodewrite—wrote

3.改动词原形中的aw owew,变成过去式。如:

draw—drewgrow—grewknow—knewthrow—threw(动词show除外,show—showed

4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:

get—gotforget—forgot

5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:

feed—fedmeet—met

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:

keep—keptsleep—sleptsweep—swept

7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:

break—brokespeak—spoke

8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:

sell—soldtell—told

9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:

stand—stoodunderstand—understood

10.以oughtaught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:

bring—broughtbuy— boughtthink—thoughtcatch—caughtteach—taught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:

can—couldshall—shouldwill—would

12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:

come—camebecome—became

13.在动词原形后加dt变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hearhi —heardh :d〕, saysei—saidsed〕,meanmi:n—meantment

14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

let—letmust—mustput—putread—readred

 

 

 

 

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